To get photos like these(in the ones that are scenes/landscapes not designs) it’s standard to use a decent DSLR camera from Nikon or Canon shooting in RAW formats. With RAW, you’re taking a photo but also saving ALL the data that the sensor captures. It’s equivalent to an undeveloped negative, but you are also getting the picture the way the camera would develop it internally.
The magic happens when you open it in a developer, the industry standard is Adobe’s Lightroom, but in the open-source community we have the very excellent Darktable as well as others.
From there you can adjust the photo in hundreds of ways, non-destructively.
