Ubuntu fails to open any of my folders and some of my apps

Problem Description:

I am using Ubuntu on my computer for 5.5 years and only since yesterday I have serious troubles with it. The problem is that I can’t open:

  1. folders (I tried from the desktop, from the side bar, from the Terminal and it all fails),
  2. some apps (e.g. I have 2 games installed on the computer: Mines and Solitaire, and while the first one opens normally, the second one just doesn’t open, despite the fact that recently I’ve been using them both), luckily the Terminal and Firefox still work, but even in the latter, when I try to e.g. “Save Image As…” or “Save Page As…”, nothing happens as these commands simply don’t work,
  3. settings panel from the top-right corner of my upper bar (so that in order to even check which OS version do I have, I needed to use the Terminal).

Since a couple of minutes ago, I can’t even see any folders nor files on my Desktop. They suddenly disappeared, I don’t know even when, but it was perhaps after I tried to restart the system once again.

Ubuntu Version:
24.04.3 LTS with regular updating through Software Updater

Desktop Environment (if applicable):

I don’t even know that nor how to check that.

Relevant System Information:
I am using 5.5-year Lenovo Legion laptop. If it helps, a couple of weeks ago, after some Firefox update, while using (and I use a lot of opened tabs) it started to crash very often, which also entails closing all of my opened apps and restarting the operation system altogether. Also, I’ve been using GRAMPS app yesterday, with the usual errors. This is a genealogical app which works on huge databases and needs some computing power to calculate tasks. After it crushed, I got some error message, I however seen this type of an error in the distant past many times and it hadn’t impacted my computer in any way:

Screenshots or Error Messages:
E.g. after I click on the “Files” icon on my side bar in order to open folders of my computer, the mouse arrow cursor shows working sign (the three arrows are rotating in a small circle), but after a couple of seconds the cursor returns to normal while nothing had been opened. I also sometimes get this visual warning after a couple of seconds:

What I’ve Tried:

Google suggested that I should restart Nautilus, which I did and it changed nothing. Then, it also advised to remove it altogether and reinstall it, which I exactly did and, again, nothing changed at all.

I feel helpless, so please give me some help! I can’t even proceed with brute force and reinstalling Ubuntu, as I am unable to open any folder to back up into a portable disk any of my files which I store on my computer’s hard disk.

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I do not know what is wrong. In your situation this is what I would try.

At the Grub boot menu select Advanced Options for Ubuntu. That would show you a list of Linux kernels. Actually it would be only two kernels. Each will have a version of that kernel with Recovery Mode.

The top Linux kernel is the one that is presently being loaded. Try loading the second Linux kernel (without recovery Mode). See if things are different.

It will be a start. If we load a Linux kernel with Recovery Mode we get Linux loaded and a Recovery menu. That has options that can be useful for fixing things.

I do not think the problem is with the Linux kernel but with the desktop. To help you progress further I will explain the usefulness of the Recovery menu.

  1. option Resume will load to a desktop without using proprietary video drivers.

  2. option Clean will free up space on the drive.

  3. option Network will set up an internet connection. Once that is established we can do more things.

  4. option dpkg will fix broken packages.

  5. option fsck will run a file system check.

  6. option grub will update the Grub bootloader.

  7. option root will give us a root shell or command line. With that we can run commands such as

apt update

apt upgrade

And other Linux commands to examine the folders/directories and files.

To exit from Root shell prompt - type the word exit.

Regards

4 Likes

Thanks for your extensive reply!

I did as you told and chose the third option below - as a matter of fact I am currently writing this message under this 90-generic kernel, however I can’t notice any changes to how anything on my computer works, I still can’t open any of my folders and some of the apps.

What should I try now? Entering the ‘recovery mode’ kernel? If so, which one? And what next, specifically? E.g. regarding your point 3. - I don’t think I have any connection problem, and regarding your point 2. - while my disk is something like 95% full, I prefer not to clean it, before I can make any backups.

That is very likely to be the problem!

I suggest that you reboot into the original 94 kernel, and run these commands in a terminal to clean your drive:

sudo apt autoremove
sudo apt clean

Open your browser, and clear the cache completely. Browsers can sometimes cache a huge amount of data.

If you’re desperate, you can also delete the contents of ~/.cache, but you might have to restart immediately afterwards.

If your drive is still sitting at over 90% full, you might want to start offloading some of your data onto external drives. I suggest that you run your daily backup before doing that.

4 Likes

Have you backed up now?

Sometimes, the disk has an extraordinary amount of log files.
You can check with this command:-

journalctl --disk-usage

To retain 50MB of log files and remove the rest:-

sudo journalctl --vacuum-size=50M
3 Likes

Thank you for your advice!

Now I checked the details of my hard disk and it seems I was very imprecise: it’s divided, among others, into a partition of “Filesystem Root”, which is 64% full and a partition with my various professional and personal files of the following directory “/home/MyUbuntuLogin/“ which is around 95% full. Do you think any of these still might be a problem?

If I was able to make a backup of these files to an external source, like the external hard disk drive (last time I did this a couple of months ago), I wouldn’t even write think of signing up at this forum and a posting here :smiley:, as I would just consider reinstalling Ubuntu and check whether it would fix my problem. I also tried to do backups of some of my crucial files through Gmail/Google Drive/Google Photos/Microsoft email, but all of these doesn’t allow me to upload or attach any files from my computer’s hard disk, which is perhaps because it requires to open a small window through which you can normally open the folder of your interest and upload the files of your choice, however this small window doesn’t open. Just like I’ve written in my original post: “Firefox still work[s], but […] when I try to e.g. “Save Image As…” or “Save Page As…”, nothing happens as these commands simply don’t work”. And saving images of pages also requires opening this small window to browser folder structure of the disk. I guess that there exists some underlying, common (shared) problem that causes inability to open BOTH saving and uploading files through my browser.

By the way, only Firefox still works for me, as both Chrome and Chromium (which I used to always have just in case) don’t open.

P.S.
Looking at the list of my apps to open “Disks” and learn about my HDD status, I’ve just stumbled upon an app I never used to open on purpose, but which now saved me: it’s Thunar File Manager - which allows me to look through the contents of my folders and even to open some of the files, so I would try to make a back up of the most vital of my files to my external HDD, but I would still prefer to somehow fix this inability to open “Files” and other apps on my computer, as reinstalling all the specialist software, not to mention moving TBs of files would cost me days of work, with uncertain results at the end.

So, I still am looking forward to learn any solution to my trouble. I am just wondering whether making more space on the disk partition on which no apps are installed, would make any sense. What do you all think? Thanks in advance!

Have you run the clearing commands that @tea-for-one and I gave you?

Did they not clear much space?

3 Likes

I think that is a problem.

To find the 10 largest items in your user directory, open a terminal and enter:-

du -sh ~/* | sort -rh | head -n 10

And for the 10 largest hidden items

du -sh ~/.* | sort -rh | head -n 10
3 Likes

No I didn’t clear the space, because I thought that only the space on the “Filesystem Root” partition of the disk was relevant for the function of Ubuntu.

But now I did, using the very command you advised plus I removed some other non-vital files from my disk. This only resulted in decreasing the free space on my non-”Filesystem Root” partition by about 0.2%, but apparently it was enough, because my main problems, i.e. inability to open apps, especially “Files” app, went away, thanks for that!

Now, I only have a problem with the fact that my Desktop doesn’t display any files or folders it used to display, even though the relevant folder (/home/MyUbuntuUsername/Desktop) is not empty.

The

journalctl --disk-usage

command reveals that

Archived and active journals take up 683.3M in the file system.

Do you think I might get rid of these log files / journals using the commands you provided without risking any new problems?

P.S.
Software updater required restart after some system updates, which I did and I’ve seen that now, I have one x2 more options (note my yesterday’s comment with a photo of two x2 options) with choosing kernels upon rebooting:

Which one should I use and why? Does it even matter?

Run the following commands. The first two should remove the -90 option. The third one is from @tea-for-one.

sudo apt autoremove
sudo apt clean
sudo journalctl --vacuum-size=50M

When you reboot, use the top option (the one with -100), which is probably the default option.

Then you can follow the advice that @tea-for-one gave in their last comment.

2 Likes

I exactly executed these instructions, however the problem with the fact that my Desktop seems empty is still present. What should I do?

Post the results of the commands in the post from @tea-for-one. If it contains private information, please redact it. Please remember to format the results as preformatted text.

It might help to know your partition structure:

sudo parted --list

There is an alternative. You can boot from a Live USB, and use that to mount your home drive, and back up your files.

1 Like

I am not really sure what is this for, but below is the output of the commands listing 10 largest visible and hidden items in my user directory:

piotrek@PiotrekLegion:~$ du -sh ~/* | sort -rh | head -n 10606G	/home/piotrek/data14G	/home/piotrek/snap508M	/home/piotrek/Public418M	/home/piotrek/Desktop361M	/home/piotrek/rmat.mat278M	/home/piotrek/Pictures12M	/home/piotrek/Videos7.1M	/home/piotrek/policy.mat3.7M	/home/piotrek/Calibre Library3.5M	/home/piotrek/Matlab
piotrek@PiotrekLegion:~$ du -sh ~/.* | sort -rh | head -n 1011G	/home/piotrek/.julia7.7G	/home/piotrek/.config2.5G	/home/piotrek/.cache2.4G	/home/piotrek/.mozilla1.9G	/home/piotrek/.googleearth304M	/home/piotrek/.local270M	/home/piotrek/.gramps169M	/home/piotrek/.miktex108M	/home/piotrek/.nv96M	/home/piotrek/.atom

Here is my disk structure:

piotrek@PiotrekLegion:~$ sudo parted --list[sudo] password for piotrek:Model: INTEL SSDPEKNW010T9 (nvme)Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 1024GBSector size (logical/physical): 512B/512BPartition Table: msdosDisk Flags:
Number  Start   End     Size    Type     File system     Flags1      1049kB  74.0GB  74.0GB  primary  ext4            boot3      74.0GB  774GB   700GB   primary  ext42      774GB   838GB   64.2GB  primary  linux-swap(v1)  swap4      838GB   1024GB  186GB   primary  ext4

I’ve already backed up all of my files apart from the system and app files, the “Desktop problem” remains though.

P.S.
I am not sure whether the format of the preformatted text which I pasted is the one you expected, but I can add white spaces to facilitate reading if needed.

Unfortunately, it isn’t.
The pasted output should look exactly like the terminal output.

user@user:~$ sudo parted -l
[sudo] password for user: 
Model: CT500P3SSD8 (nvme)
Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 500GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags: 

Number  Start   End     Size    File system  Name  Flags
 1      1049kB  1075MB  1074MB  fat32              boot, esp
 2      1075MB  54.8GB  53.7GB  ext4
 3      54.8GB  97.7GB  42.9GB  ext4
 4      97.7GB  216GB   118GB   ext4
 5      216GB   323GB   107GB   ext4

user@user:~$ 

2 Likes

I’ve redone your post to include line-breaks.

I see that there is a problem in this Discourse page: After pasting the results, highlighting it and then choosing </> Preformatted text from the menu, it removes the line-breaks! It works if you first create a blank paragraph, choose preformatted text, and then paste the results. This should probably be reported as a bug.

piotrek@PiotrekLegion:~$ du -sh ~/* | sort -rh | head -n 10
606G	/home/piotrek/data
14G 	/home/piotrek/snap
508M	/home/piotrek/Public
418M	/home/piotrek/Desktop
361M	/home/piotrek/rmat.mat
278M	/home/piotrek/Pictures
12M 	/home/piotrek/Videos
7.1M	/home/piotrek/policy.mat
3.7M	/home/piotrek/Calibre Library
3.5M	/home/piotrek/Matlab
piotrek@PiotrekLegion:~$ du -sh ~/.* | sort -rh | head -n 10
11G 	/home/piotrek/.julia
7.7G	/home/piotrek/.config
2.5G	/home/piotrek/.cache
2.4G	/home/piotrek/.mozilla
1.9G	/home/piotrek/.googleearth
304M	/home/piotrek/.local
270M	/home/piotrek/.gramps
169M	/home/piotrek/.miktex
108M	/home/piotrek/.nv
96M 	/home/piotrek/.atom
piotrek@PiotrekLegion:~$ sudo parted --list
[sudo] password for piotrek:
Model: INTEL SSDPEKNW010T9 (nvme)
Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 1024GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdosDisk
Flags:

Number  Start   End     Size    Type     File system     Flags
1       1049kB  74.0GB  74.0GB  primary  ext4            boot
3       74.0GB  774GB   700GB   primary  ext4
2       774GB   838GB   64.2GB  primary  linux-swap(v1)  swap
4       838GB   1024GB  186GB   primary  ext4
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