Behavior changes between releases of an operating system are to be expected.
However, this is a prominent behavior change that should have been documented in the 24.04 LTS release notes - but due to oversight was not.
This has now been corrected.
As mentioned in the preceding comment, the fact that a service restart is insufficient to pick up changes to the ports in the sshd config is unintended behavior (though retrospectively it is straightforward to understand how this behavior has come to pass) and we should handle this as a bug in the package.