Yes, I should have specified that I have a proxy configured via the http_proxy and https_proxy environment variables. That might be what that IP is.
I’m using LXD 6.2. I just tried running lxc image list ubuntu: with the same proxy configured inside an Ubuntu 22.04 container (which has LXD 5.0.4) and it works there. So maybe downgrading to LXD 5.x will fix the issue.
Your proxy is being connected on port 80, dunno if that’s expected but it not, that might explain the connection reset you got.
Downgrading between major version is not an option. That said, I don’t think that’d actually fix it. Also, if there is a bug with recent LXD, we want it fixed